MCQs on Air Pollution at the Degree level - Environmental Scientist - TNPSC

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10 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on Air Pollution at the Degree level


Answers are given below with Explanations

1. Which of the following is a secondary air pollutant?

A) Carbon monoxide (CO)
B) Nitric oxide (NO)
C) Ozone (O₃)
D) Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)

2. Which of the following pollutants is a major contributor to acid rain?

A) Methane (CH₄)
B) Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
C) Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
D) Ozone (O₃)

3. The main pollutant released by vehicles that affects human hemoglobin is:

A) Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
B) Carbon monoxide (CO)
C) Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
D) Lead (Pb)

4. Which of the following is a common method for controlling particulate emissions in industries?

A) Electrostatic precipitator
B) Catalytic converter
C) Bag filter
D) Both A and C

5. The pollutant mainly responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer is:

A) Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
B) Methane (CH₄)
C) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
D) Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)

6. What does PM2.5 refer to in air pollution?

A) Particles smaller than 2.5 nanometers
B) Particles smaller than 2.5 centimeters
C) Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers
D) Particles smaller than 2.5 millimeters

7. Which air pollutant is primarily responsible for the formation of smog in urban areas?

A) Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
B) Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
C) Ammonia (NH₃)
D) Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)

8. The Clean Air Act (1970) was enacted in which country?

A) India
B) United Kingdom
C) United States of America
D) Germany

9. In India, the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed in:

A) 1972
B) 1981
C) 1990
D) 2000

10. Which of the following gases is NOT a greenhouse gas but is a major air pollutant?

A) Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
B) Ozone (O₃)
C) Carbon monoxide (CO)
D) Methane (CH₄)


ANSWERS:

1. Which of the following is a secondary air pollutant?

A) Carbon monoxide (CO)
B) Nitric oxide (NO)
C) Ozone (O₃)
D) Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)

Answer: C) Ozone (O₃)
Secondary pollutants form in the atmosphere through chemical reactions. O₃ is formed by the reaction of sunlight with NOx and VOCs.

2. Which of the following pollutants is a major contributor to acid rain?

A) Methane (CH₄)
B) Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
C) Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
D) Ozone (O₃)

Answer: B) Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
SO₂ reacts with water vapor to form sulfuric acid, leading to acid rain.

3. The main pollutant released by vehicles that affects human hemoglobin is:

A) Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
B) Carbon monoxide (CO)
C) Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
D) Lead (Pb)

Answer: B) Carbon monoxide (CO)
CO binds with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, reducing oxygen transport in the blood.

4. Which of the following is a common method for controlling particulate emissions in industries?

A) Electrostatic precipitator
B) Catalytic converter
C) Bag filter
D) Both A and C

Answer: D) Both A and C
Electrostatic precipitators and bag filters are used to trap particulate matter from exhaust gases.

5. The pollutant mainly responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer is:

A) Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
B) Methane (CH₄)
C) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
D) Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)

Answer: C) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
CFCs release chlorine atoms that destroy stratospheric ozone molecules.

6. What does PM2.5 refer to in air pollution?

A) Particles smaller than 2.5 nanometers
B) Particles smaller than 2.5 centimeters
C) Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers
D) Particles smaller than 2.5 millimeters

Answer: C) Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers
PM2.5 can penetrate deep into the lungs and is associated with serious health issues.

7. Which air pollutant is primarily responsible for the formation of smog in urban areas?

A) Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
B) Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
C) Ammonia (NH₃)
D) Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)

Answer: A) Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
NOx reacts with VOCs in the presence of sunlight to form photochemical smog.

8. The Clean Air Act (1970) was enacted in which country?

A) India
B) United Kingdom
C) United States of America
D) Germany

Answer: C) United States of America
The U.S. Clean Air Act established emission standards and air quality regulations.

9. In India, the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed in:

A) 1972
B) 1981
C) 1990
D) 2000

Answer: B) 1981
This act provides for the prevention, control, and abatement of air pollution in India.

10. Which of the following gases is NOT a greenhouse gas but is a major air pollutant?

A) Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
B) Ozone (O₃)
C) Carbon monoxide (CO)
D) Methane (CH₄)

Answer: C) Carbon monoxide (CO)
CO contributes to air pollution but does not trap heat significantly like greenhouse gases.

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