Environmental Scientist - TNPSC - Environment Protection Act, 1986 MCQs

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Environment Protection Act, 1986 – 25 MCQs (Degree Level)



1. The Environment (Protection) Act was enacted in the year:
A. 1972
B. 1981
C. 1986
D. 1990

2. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 was enacted in the wake of which disaster?
A. Chernobyl nuclear disaster
B. Bhopal gas tragedy
C. Tsunami in India
D. Gujarat earthquake

3. The Environment (Protection) Act was passed under which article of the Indian Constitution?
A. Article 21
B. Article 48A
C. Article 253
D. Article 32

4. The main objective of the Environment (Protection) Act is:
A. Promotion of mining
B. Protection and improvement of environment
C. Conservation of fossil fuels
D. Development of nuclear energy

5. Under the Act, "environment" includes:
A. Air, water, and soil only
B. Air, water, land, and the interrelationships among them
C. Only flora and fauna
D. Only industrial areas

6. Who has the power to take measures for protecting and improving the quality of the environment?
A. Chief Minister
B. President of India
C. Central Government
D. State Pollution Control Board

7. The term “hazardous substance” under the Act refers to any substance that:
A. Has medicinal value
B. Is imported
C. May cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment
D. Is biodegradable

8. Which section of the Act gives the Central Government powers to make rules?
A. Section 3
B. Section 6
C. Section 21
D. Section 10

9. Under the Act, who has the authority to inspect industries for compliance?
A. Chief Secretary
B. Authorized officer of Central Government
C. Municipal Commissioner
D. Panchayat Secretary

10. Penalty for violation of the Environment Protection Act may include:
A. Only a fine
B. Up to 5 years imprisonment or fine or both
C. Death sentence
D. Cancellation of driving license

11. If the violation continues beyond the first conviction, the additional fine can be:
A. ₹5,000 per day
B. ₹10,000 per day
C. ₹15,000 per day
D. ₹20,000 per day

12. If the violation continues for more than one year after the conviction, the punishment may extend to:
A. 7 years
B. 10 years
C. Life imprisonment
D. 6 months

13. The Environment Protection Act is considered an umbrella legislation because:
A. It includes all air and water regulations
B. It covers multiple aspects and coordinates various existing laws
C. It focuses only on industrial waste
D. It only applies to protected forests

14. The Environment (Protection) Act extends to:
A. Only urban areas
B. Only notified areas
C. The whole of India
D. Only coastal regions

15. Which Schedule of the Environment Protection Rules, 1986 lists standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants?
A. Schedule I
B. Schedule II
C. Schedule III
D. Schedule IV

16. The Environment (Protection) Rules were framed in:
A. 1985
B. 1986
C. 1990
D. 1992

17. The Act empowers the central government to close or prohibit any industry if:
A. Profits fall below minimum
B. Environmental norms are violated
C. It is located near a river
D. It uses foreign technology

18. As per the Act, "occupier" means:
A. A tenant living in a flat
B. A person in possession of a plot
C. A person who controls a factory or premises
D. Government officer

19. Which of the following is not covered under the Environment Protection Act?
A. Air pollution
B. Water pollution
C. Forest conservation
D. Motor vehicle emissions

20. Environmental laboratories are recognized under which section of the Act?
A. Section 11
B. Section 12
C. Section 13
D. Section 14

21. Who can file a complaint in court for an offence under this Act?
A. Any person after giving 60 days’ notice to the Central Government
B. Only government officers
C. Only NGOs
D. Only lawyers

22. The Act was notified in the official gazette on:
A. 5th June 1986
B. 23rd May 1986
C. 19th November 1986
D. 1st January 1987

23. Which international conference influenced the enactment of this law?
A. Rio Earth Summit, 1992
B. Stockholm Conference, 1972
C. Montreal Protocol, 1987
D. Kyoto Protocol, 1997

24. Which authority enforces the Environment Protection Act at the central level?
A. Pollution Control Board
B. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
C. Ministry of Health
D. Ministry of Housing

25. The Environment Protection Act, 1986 is a:
A. Procedural law
B. Penal law
C. Comprehensive umbrella legislation for environmental protection
D. Municipal law


ANSWERS

1. The Environment (Protection) Act was enacted in the year:
A. 1972
B. 1981
C. 1986
D. 1990
Answer: C. 1986

2. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 was enacted in the wake of which disaster?
A. Chernobyl nuclear disaster
B. Bhopal gas tragedy
C. Tsunami in India
D. Gujarat earthquake
Answer: B. Bhopal gas tragedy

3. The Environment (Protection) Act was passed under which article of the Indian Constitution?
A. Article 21
B. Article 48A
C. Article 253
D. Article 32
Answer: C. Article 253

4. The main objective of the Environment (Protection) Act is:
A. Promotion of mining
B. Protection and improvement of environment
C. Conservation of fossil fuels
D. Development of nuclear energy
Answer: B. Protection and improvement of environment

5. Under the Act, "environment" includes:
A. Air, water, and soil only
B. Air, water, land, and the interrelationships among them
C. Only flora and fauna
D. Only industrial areas
Answer: B. Air, water, land, and the interrelationships among them

6. Who has the power to take measures for protecting and improving the quality of the environment?
A. Chief Minister
B. President of India
C. Central Government
D. State Pollution Control Board
Answer: C. Central Government

7. The term “hazardous substance” under the Act refers to any substance that:
A. Has medicinal value
B. Is imported
C. May cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment
D. Is biodegradable
Answer: C. May cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment

8. Which section of the Act gives the Central Government powers to make rules?
A. Section 3
B. Section 6
C. Section 21
D. Section 10
Answer: B. Section 6

9. Under the Act, who has the authority to inspect industries for compliance?
A. Chief Secretary
B. Authorized officer of Central Government
C. Municipal Commissioner
D. Panchayat Secretary
Answer: B. Authorized officer of Central Government

10. Penalty for violation of the Environment Protection Act may include:
A. Only a fine
B. Up to 5 years imprisonment or fine or both
C. Death sentence
D. Cancellation of driving license
Answer: B. Up to 5 years imprisonment or fine or both

11. If the violation continues beyond the first conviction, the additional fine can be:
A. ₹5,000 per day
B. ₹10,000 per day
C. ₹15,000 per day
D. ₹20,000 per day
Answer: A. ₹5,000 per day

12. If the violation continues for more than one year after the conviction, the punishment may extend to:
A. 7 years
B. 10 years
C. Life imprisonment
D. 6 months
Answer: A. 7 years

13. The Environment Protection Act is considered an umbrella legislation because:
A. It includes all air and water regulations
B. It covers multiple aspects and coordinates various existing laws
C. It focuses only on industrial waste
D. It only applies to protected forests
Answer: B. It covers multiple aspects and coordinates various existing laws

14. The Environment (Protection) Act extends to:
A. Only urban areas
B. Only notified areas
C. The whole of India
D. Only coastal regions
Answer: C. The whole of India

15. Which Schedule of the Environment Protection Rules, 1986 lists standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants?
A. Schedule I
B. Schedule II
C. Schedule III
D. Schedule IV
Answer: A. Schedule I

16. The Environment (Protection) Rules were framed in:
A. 1985
B. 1986
C. 1990
D. 1992
Answer: B. 1986

17. The Act empowers the central government to close or prohibit any industry if:
A. Profits fall below minimum
B. Environmental norms are violated
C. It is located near a river
D. It uses foreign technology
Answer: B. Environmental norms are violated

18. As per the Act, "occupier" means:
A. A tenant living in a flat
B. A person in possession of a plot
C. A person who controls a factory or premises
D. Government officer
Answer: C. A person who controls a factory or premises

19. Which of the following is not covered under the Environment Protection Act?
A. Air pollution
B. Water pollution
C. Forest conservation
D. Motor vehicle emissions
Answer: D. Motor vehicle emissions
(Covered under the Motor Vehicles Act)

20. Environmental laboratories are recognized under which section of the Act?
A. Section 11
B. Section 12
C. Section 13
D. Section 14
Answer: C. Section 12

21. Who can file a complaint in court for an offence under this Act?
A. Any person after giving 60 days’ notice to the Central Government
B. Only government officers
C. Only NGOs
D. Only lawyers
Answer: A. Any person after giving 60 days’ notice to the Central Government

22. The Act was notified in the official gazette on:
A. 5th June 1986
B. 23rd May 1986
C. 19th November 1986
D. 1st January 1987
Answer: A. 5th June 1986

23. Which international conference influenced the enactment of this law?
A. Rio Earth Summit, 1992
B. Stockholm Conference, 1972
C. Montreal Protocol, 1987
D. Kyoto Protocol, 1997
Answer: B. Stockholm Conference, 1972

24. Which authority enforces the Environment Protection Act at the central level?
A. Pollution Control Board
B. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
C. Ministry of Health
D. Ministry of Housing
Answer: B. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)

25. The Environment Protection Act, 1986 is a:
A. Procedural law
B. Penal law
C. Comprehensive umbrella legislation for environmental protection
D. Municipal law
Answer: C. Comprehensive umbrella legislation for environmental protection

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